Performance of Starter Broilers Fed Raw Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Seed Meal Diets Supplemented with Lysine and or Methionine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2011.205.211Keywords:
Lysine, methionine, performance, raw pigeon pea seed meal, starter broilersAbstract
Performance of starter broilers fed raw Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Seed Meal (PSM) diets supplemented with lysine and or methionine was determined with 270 unsexed broilers. The experimental design was 2 x 4 factorial in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with each dietary treatment replicated three times and 10 broilers per replicate. The factors were inclusion level of raw PSM (30 and 40%) and amino acid supplementation (no supplementation, lysine, methionine and lysine + methionine). There was a conventional maize-soybean diet as positive control while raw PSM without supplementation was the negative control. Lysine and methionine supplementation were 0.10 and 0.25%, respectively. Performance criteria measured were weight gain, feed intake, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and live weight at 4th week. Results showed that broilers fed methionine or lysine + methionine supplemented diets had significantly (p<0.05) higher live weight, live weight gain, feed intake and significantly (p<0.05) lower protein intake than broilers fed diet supplemented with lysine. Amino acid supplementation significantly (p<0.05) affected only live weight and daily weight gain of broilers. The diet of 40% raw PSM significantly (p<0.05) increased cost per kg feed and daily feed cost more than 30% PSM diet. It was concluded that starter broilers could be fed up to 40% raw Pigeon Pea Seed Meal (PSM) diet without adverse effect on performance of starter birds. However, the diet of 30% PSM should be supplemented with methionine and that of 40% with lysine + methionine.
References
Akanji, A.M., E.O. Ogunmefun, O. Fasina, O.E. Bernard and A.M. Ogungbesan, 2010. Effects of raw, cooked and roasted pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) on performance characteristics and haematology of broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 35th Conference Nigeria Society for Animal Producation, March 14-17, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, pp: 378-380.
Akintunde, A.R., J.J. Omage and G.S. Bawa, 2010. Effects of allzyme supplementation of the utilization of differently processed pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds by broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 35th Conference Nigeria Society for Animal Production, March 14-17, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, pp: 439-442.
Amaefule, K.U. and F.C. Obioha, 1998. The substitution of pigeon pea seed (Cajanus cajan) for groundnut and maize in a broiler finisher ration. Nig. J. Anim. Prod., 25: 9-12.
Amaefule, K.U. and F.C. Obioha, 2001. Performance and nutrient utilization of broiler starters fed diets containing raw, boiled or dehulled pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds. Nig. J. Anim. Prod., 28: 31-39.
Amaefule, K.U. and N.N. Nwagbara, 2004. The effect of processing on nutrient utilization of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) seed meal and pigeonpea seed meal based diets by pullets. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 3: 543-546.
Amaefule, K.U. and O.C. Onwudike, 2000. Comparative evaluation of the processing methods of pigeon pea seeds (Cajanus cajan) as protein source for broilers. J. Sustainable Agric. Environ., 1: 134-136.
Amaefule, K.U., C.N. Odukwe and E.C. Ndubuisi, 2003. Pigeon pea seed meal as protein source for broilers. J. Sustain. Agric. Environ., 5: 1-11.
AOAC, 1990. Official Method of Analysis. 13th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC., USA.
D'Mello, J.P.F., 1995. Antinutritional Substances in Legume Seeds. In: Tropical legumes in Animal Nutrition, D'Mello, J.P.F. and C. Devendra (Eds.). CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Duncan, D.B., 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
Igene, F.U., 1999. Biochemical, nutritional and physiochemical characteristics of differently processed winged beans seeds (Phsophocarpus tetragonalobus). Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Animal Science, Ambrose Alli University, Edo State University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.
Igene, F.U. and D.A. Ekundayo, 2010. Effects of feeding graded levels of boiled pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) as replacement for soybean meal on carcass quality of broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 35th Conference Nigeria Society for Animal Production, March 14-17, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, pp: 429-432.
Obioha, F.C., 1992. A Guide to Poultry Production in the Tropics. 1st Edn., Arenna Publishing, Lagos, Nigeria, pp: 11-43.
Ologhobo, A.D., 1992. Nutritive values of some tropical (West African) legumes for poultry. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 2: 93-104.
Olomu, J.M., 1995. Monogastric Animal Nutrition: Principles and Practice. Jachem Publ., Benin, Nigeria.
Pezzato, A.C., A.C. Silveira, L.E. Pezzato, M. de Beni-Arrigoni and M. De Beni-Arrigoni, 1997. Substitution of soybean by pigeonpea meal in broiler feed. Pesquisa-Agropecuaria-Brasileira, 32: 123-132.
Salunkhe, D.K., S.S. Kadam and J.K. Chavan, 1985. Post Harvest Biotechnology of Food Legumes. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, USA.
Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 1980. Principle and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, USA., pp: 232-249.
Udedibie, A.B.I. and C.R. Carlini, 2000. Relative effects of dry and moist heat treatment on hemagg-lutinating and antitryptic activities of selected legume grain. Nig. Poult. Sci. J., 1: 81-87.
Yisa, A.G., J.A. Edache, O.D. Olaiya, S.N. Atam and M.N. Samuel, 2010. Effect of graded levels of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) on growth performance of growing cockerels. Proceedings of the 35th Conference Nigeria Society for Animal Production, March 14-17, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, pp: 321-322.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 Asian Network for Scientific Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
