Evaluation of Dietary Aspergillus Meal on Intestinal Morphometry in Turkey Poults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2010.875.878Keywords:
Aspergillus meal, goblet cells, intestinal morphometry, prebiotic, TurkeysAbstract
A trial was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary Aspergillus Meal (AM) prebiotic on intestinal development, morphology in turkey poults. Day-old Nicholas poults (n = 100) were randomly assigned to two groups. Poults in each group were divided and placed in floor pens with 50 poults each. One group served as a control and received a ration containing no added AM prebiotic. Poults in the treatment group were provided a ration supplemented with 0.2% AM prebiotic. Each dietary regimen and water were provided ad libitum to 30 days of age. Poults were humanely killed by CO2 inhalation and specimens of duodenum and distal ileum were collected at 10, 20 and 30 days. Histology sections were cut (5 μm) and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and combinations of either of periodic acid-Schiff with alcian blue, or high iron diamine with alcian blue stains to evaluate 20 intact villi on each section. The morphometric variables analyzed included villi height, villi surface area and crypt depth. In addition, goblet cells, classified as neutral, acidic or sulpho mucin cells, respectively, were quantitative for each treatment group. At all times of evaluation, AM prebiotic significantly increased the number of acid mucin cells in the duodenum, neutral mucin cells in the ileum and sulpho mucin cells in the duodenum and ileum. Villi height and villi surface area of both duodenum and ileum were significantly increased at days 10 and 30 compared to control. The present study suggest that AM prebiotic has an impact on the mucosal architecture and goblet cells proliferation in the duodenum and ileum of neonate poults.
References
Dunsford, B.R., W.E. Haensly and D.A. Knabe, 1991. Effects of diet on acidic and neutral goblet cell populations in the small intestine of early weaned pigs. Am. J. Vet. Res., 52: 1743-1746.
Filipe, M.I., 1979. Mucins in the human gastrointestinal epithelium: A review. Invest. Cell Pathol., 2: 195-216.
Forstner, J.F., 1978. Intestinal mucins in health and disease. Digestion, 17: 234-263.
Furuse, M., S.I. Yang, N. Niwa and J. Okumura, 1991. Effect of short chain fatty acids on the performance and intestinal weight in germ free and conventional chicks. Br. Poult. Sci., 32: 159-165.
Furuse, M. and H. Yokota, 1984. Protein and energy utilization in germ-free and conventional chicks given diets containing different levels of dietary protein. Br. J. Nutr., 51: 255-264.
Gibson, G.R. and M.B. Roberfroid, 1995. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. J. Nutr., 125: 1401-1412.
Gibson, G.R. and X. Wang, 1994. Regulatory effects of bifidobacteria on the growth of other colonic bacteria. J. Applied Bacteriol., 77: 412-420.
Kiernan, J.A., 2008. Histological and Histochemical Methods. Theory and Practice. 4th Edn., Scion, Bloxham, UK.
Noy, Y. and D. Sklan, 1997. Posthatch development in poultry. J. Applied Poult. Res., 6: 344-354.
NRC., 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA., ISBN-13: 9780309048927, Pages: 176.
Salter, D.N. and M.E. Coates and D. Hewitt, 1974. The utilization of protein and excretion of uric acid in germ-free and conventional chicks. Br. J. Nutr., 31: 307-318.
Sharma, R., U. Schumacher, V. Ronaasen and M. Coates, 1995. Rat intestinal mucosal responses to a microbial flora and different diets. Gut., 36: 209-214.
Specian, R.D. and M.G. Oliver, 1991. Functional biology of intestinal goblet cells. Am. J. Physiol., 260: C183-C193.
Thymann, T., K.U. Sorensen, M.S. Hedemann, J. Elnif and B.B. Jensen et al., 2007. Antimicrobial treatment reduces intestinal microflora and improves protein digestive capacity without changes in villous structure in weanling pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 97: 1128-1137.
Uni, Z., Y. Noy and D. Sklan, 1996. Development of the small intestine in heavy and light strain chicks before and after hatching. Br. Poult. Sci., 37: 63-71.
Uni, Z., Y. Noy and D. Sklan, 1995. Posthatch changes in morphology and function of the small intestines in heavy- and light-strain chicks. Poult. Sci., 74: 1622-1629.
Variyam, E.P. and L.C. Hoskins, 1981. Mucin degradation in human colon ecosystems. Degradation of hog gastric mucin by fecal extracts and fecal cultures. Gastroenterol., 81: 751-758.
Yokota, H. and M.E. Coates, 1982. The uptake of nutrients from the small intestine of gnotobiotic and conventional chicks. Br. J. Nutr., 47: 349-356.
Zufarov, K.A., O.V. Chakhava, E.M. Gorskaia and A.I. Iuldashev, 1979. Structural characteristics of the mucosa of the small intestine in gnotobiote rats. Arkh. Anat. Gistol. Embriol., 76: 55-61.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2010 Asian Network for Scientific Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
