Research Article
Open Access
Effect of Fermented Cow and Soybean Milk with Probiotic in Improving Blood Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels on Broilers
Abstract
Background and Objective: Probiotics have several positive benefits, such as reducing pathogenic bacteria population, providing enzymes to help food digestion and lowering blood lipid levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of fermented cow and soybean milk containing probiotic bacteria on the levels of blood cholesterol and triglyceride of broiler chickens. Methodology: The experiment applied the Completely Randomized Design with six levels ration and used 120 day-old broiler chicks. Six treatments were designed: T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 with 4 replications. The total experimental units were 24, which contained 5 chicken each. The treatments were; T0: Basal ration, T1: Basal ration+cow milk, T2: Basal ration+fermented cow milk, T3: Basal ration+fermented soybean milk, T4: Basal ration+fermented cow and Soybean milk and T5: Basal ration+fermented cow milk with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria with ratio 1 : 1. Results: Result indicated that the addition of probiotic bacteria (T5) have a significant effect (p<0.05) to decrease the levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in the broiler chickens. T5 has the lowest blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, i.e., 108.25 and 32.93 mg dL–1, respectively. Conclusion: The fermented cow and soybean milk with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria (T5) had the best result in decreasing blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels in broilers.
Keywords:
Blood lipid levels, broiler chicken, fermented cow milk, food digestion, soybean milkArticle Metrics
164
Abstract Views
166
File Views
0
Downloads
License
Copyright (c) 2018 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Article Citation Metrics
How to Cite
Adriani , L., Andiany, A., Latipudin, D., Benito, T., & Cahyani, C. (2018). Effect of Fermented Cow and Soybean Milk with Probiotic in Improving Blood Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels on Broilers. International Journal of Poultry Science, 17(12), 600–604. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2018.600.604
References
1.
Wijaya, V. G., I. Ismoyowati and D.M. Saleh, 2013. Kajian kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida darah berbagai jenis itik lokal yang pakannya disuplementasi dengan probiotik. J. Ilmiah Peternakan, 1: 661-668.
2.
Lehninger, A.L., 1982. Dasar-Dasar Biokimia Jilid 1. Diterjemahkan oleh Maggy Thenawidjaja. Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta, Indonesia.
3.
Linder, M.C., 1992. Biokimia Nutrisi dan Metabolisme. Cetakan 1. Penerjemah: Aminuddin Parakkasi. Universitas Indonesia Press, Jakarta, Indonesia.
4.
Basmacioglu, H. and M. Ergul, 2005. Research on the factors affecting cholesterol content and some other characteristics of eggs in laying hens the effects of genotype and rearing system. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 29: 157-164.
5.
Manoppo, M.R.A., R. Sugihartuti, S.A. Tatang and Y. Dhamayanti, 2007. Pengaruh Pemberian Crude Chlorella terhadap Kadar Total Kolesterol Darah Ayam Broiler. Pengaruh Pemberian Crude Chlorella terhadap Kadar Total Kolesterol Darah Ayam Broiler. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia.
6.
Fuller, R., 1992. History and Development of Probiotics. In: Probiotics: The Scientific Basis, Fuller, R. (Ed.). Chapman and Hall Publishers, London, pp: 1-8.
7.
Surono, I.S., 2004. Probiotik susu fermentasi dan kesehatan. Yapami, Jakarta.
8.
Santoso, U., K. Tanaka and S. Ohtani, 1995. Effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity in female broiler chicks. Br. J. Nutr., 74: 523-529.
9.
Cavallini, D.C.U., R. Bedani, L.Q. Bomdespacho, R.C. Vendramini and E.A. Rossi, 2009. Effects of probiotic bacteria, isoflavones and simvastatin on lipid profile and atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits: A randomized double-blind study. Lipids Health Dis., Vol. 8.
10.
Adriani, L., N. Indrayati and S. Darana, 2012. The effect of cocoa and fermented milk mixture on triglyceride and blood glucose contents of hyperlipidemia rats. CMU. J. Nat. Sci., Special Issue Agric. Natural Resour., 11: 383-386.
11.
Guo, Z., X.M. Liu, Q.X. Zhang, Z. Shen and F.W. Tian et al., 2011. Influence of consumption of probiotics on the plasma lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovascular Dis., 21: 844-850.
12.
Richmond, W., 1973. Ensymatic determination of totalserum cholesterol. J. Clin. Chem., 19: 1350-1354.
13.
McGowan, M.W., J.D. Artiss, D.R. Strandbergh and B. Zak, 1983. A peroxidase-coupled method for the colorimetric determination of serum triglycerides. Clin. Chem., 29: 538-542.
14.
Cho, Y.A. and J. Kim, 2015. Effect of probiotics on blood lipid concentrations: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine, Vol. 94.
15.
Lengkey, H.A.W. and L. Adriani, 2013. The effect of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus as ration supplement on broiler carcass weight, carcass fat content and the serum cholesterol carcass content. Proceedings of the International Seminar of Biotechnology, March 18-20, 2013, Universitas of Padjadjaran.
16.
Noh, D.O., S.H. Kim and S.E. Gilliland, 1997. Incorporation of cholesterol into the cellular membrane of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121. J. Dairy Sci., 80: 3107-3113.
17.
Baroutkoub, A., R.Z. Mehdi, R. Beglarian, J. Hassan, S. Zahra, M.S. Mohammad and E.M. Hadi, 2010. Effects of probiotic yoghurt consumption on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholestromic cases in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Scient. Res. Essays, 5: 2206-2209.
18.
St-Onge, M.P., E.R. Farnworth and P.J. Jones, 2000. Consumption of fermented and non-fermented dairy products: Effect on cholesterol concentration and metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 71: 674-681.
19.
Puryana, I.G.P.S., 2011. Populasi Lactobacillus rhamnosus SKG34 dalam saluran Pencernaan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus). Master's Thesis, Universitas of Udayana, Bali.
20.
Fadhilah, A.N., H. Hafsan and F. Nur, 2015. Penurunan kadar kolesterol oleh bakteri asam laktat asal dangke secara in vitro. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mikrobiologi Kesehatan dan Lingkungan, Dakultas Sains dan Teknologi, January 29, 2015, Dakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Alauddin, Makasar, pp: 174-180.
21.
Winarsih, H., 2005. Isoflavon, Berbagai Sumber, Sifat dan Manfaatnya pada Penyakit Degeneratif. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
22.
Borradaile, N.M., L.E. Dreu, L.J. Wilcox, J.Y. Edwards and M.W. Huff, 2002. Soya phytoestrogens, genistein and daidzein, reduce apoliprotein B secretion from HepG2 cells through multiple mecanisms. Biochem. J., 366: 531-539.
23.
Hardiningsih, R. and N. Nurhidayat, 2006. Pengaruh pemberian pakan hiperkolesterolemia terhadap bobot badan tikus putih wistar yang diberi bakteri asam laktat. Biodiversitas, 7: 127-130.
24.
Robert, K.M., I.K. Dary and W. Victor, 2015. Harper's Biochemistry. 27th Edn., McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
25.
Ivey, K.L., J.M. Hodgson, D.A. Kerr, P.L. Thompson, B. Stojceski and R.L. Prince, 2015. The effect of yoghurt and its probiotics on blood pressure and serum lipid profile; a randomised controlled trial. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis., 25: 46-61.
26.
Anderson, J.W. and S.E. Gilliland, 1999. Effect of fermented milk (yogurt) containing Lactobacillus acidophilus L1 on serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic humans. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 18: 43-50.
27.
Sharafedtinov, K.K., O.A. Plotnikova, R.I. Alexeeva, T.B. Sentsova and E. Songisepp et al., 2013. Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and blood pressure indices of obese hypertensive patients-a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. Nutr. J., Vol. 12.
28.
Lewis, S.J. and S. Burmeister, 2005. A double-blind placebo-controlled study of the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on plasma lipids. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 59: 776-780.
29.
Adriani, L., T. Widjastuti and R. Dermawan, 2010. The effect of probiotic supplemented ration on broiler abdominal fatty content and final weight. Lucrari Stiint., 53: 94-96.
30.
Wang, J., H. Zhang, X. Chen, Y. Chen and Q. Bao, 2012. Selection of potential probiotic lactobacilli for cholesterol-lowering properties and their effect on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed a high-lipid diet. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 1645-1654.
31.
Medjakovic, S., M. Mueller and A. Jungbauer, 2010. Potential health-modulating effects of isoflavones and metabolites via activation of PPAR and AhR. Nutrients, 2: 241-279.
32.
He, M.L., W.Z. Yang, J.S. You, A.V. Chaves, P.S. Mir, C. Benchaar and T.A. McAllister, 2009. Effect of garlic oil on fatty acid accumulation and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in differentiating adipocytes. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 22: 1686-1692.
