Research Article Open Access

Energized Oxygen Treatment in Drinking Water for Laying Hens: An Alternative Disinfectant

Authors

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Özlem ŞahanYapicier
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur 15030, Turkey
|
Mustafa Saatci
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Fethiye 48300, Turkey
Published on: November 15, 2018
DOI 10.3923/ijps.2018.586.590
PDF

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of adding energized oxygen to drinking water for laying hens and evaluate quantities of microorganisms in fecal samples. Materials and Methods: Oxygen generated gas was hosed into the drinking water tank of the laying commercial farm. Cloacal swabs and conveyor samples taken for fecal samples were collected in three runs for microbiological analysis as follows: The first was before the application of energized O2 gas as a control, the second was after one week and the last was two weeks later. Results: The total bacteria and E. coli count from control to successive samples in cloacal swabs and conveyor samples decreased. However, there were no effects on fungal count. Conclusion: Energized oxygen may be used as an effective disinfectant to reduce microbiological exposure and improve the health of laying hens.

Keywords:

Drinking water disinfection, energized oxygen, laying hen, total bacteria/fungi count, total Escherichia coli count

Article Metrics

99 Abstract Views
174 File Views
0 Downloads

License

Copyright (c) 2018 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article Citation Metrics

Find Energized Oxygen Treatment in Drinking Water for Laying Hens: An Alternative Disinfectant on PlumX

How to Cite

ŞahanYapicier , Özlem, & Saatci, M. (2018). Energized Oxygen Treatment in Drinking Water for Laying Hens: An Alternative Disinfectant. International Journal of Poultry Science, 17(12), 586–590. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2018.586.590
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

1.
Eleroglu, H. and M. Sarica, 2004. Kanatlı uretiminde icme suyu kalitesi. Proceedings of the 4th Ulusal Zootekni Bilim Kongrasi, September 1-3, 2004, Isparta-Turkey, pp: 318-324.
2.
Jafari, R.A., A. Fazlara and M. Govahi, 2006. An investigation into Salmonella and fecal coliform contamination of drinking water in broiler farms in Iran. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 5: 491-493.
3.
Leclercq, A., C. Wanequ and P. Baylac, 2002. Comparison of fecal coliform agar and violet red bile lactose agar for fecal coliform enumeration in foods. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 68: 1631-1638.
4.
Do Amaral, L.A., 2004. Drinking water as a risk factor to poultry health. Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic., 6: 191-199.
5.
Dorea, F.C., R. Berghaus, C. Hofacre and D.J. Cole, 2010. Survey of biosecurity protocols and practices adopted by growers on commercial poultry farms in Georgia, U.S.A. Avian Dis., 54: 1007-1015.
6.
Philipsen, I., 2006. Acidifying drinking water supports performance. World Poult., 22: 20-21.
7.
Sparks, N.H.C., 2009. The role of the water supply system in the infection and control of Campylobacter in chicken. World's Poult. Sci. J., 65: 459-474.
8.
Watkins, S., 2008. Water: Identifying and correcting challenges. Avian Advice, 10: 10-15.
9.
Protais, J., S. Queguiner, E. Boscher, J.C. Piquet, B. Nagard and G. Salvat, 2003. Effect of housing system on the bacterial flora in the air and on egg shells. Proceedings of the 10th European Symposium on the Quality of Eggs and Egg Products, September 23-26, 2003, Ploufragan, France, pp: 142-149.
10.
Lopolito, P., C. Bartnett and J. Polarine, 2007. Control strategies for fungal contamination ın cleanrooms. https://www.rdmag.com/article/2007/09/control-strategies-fungal-contamination-cleanrooms.
11.
Fairchild, B.D. and C.W. Ritz, 2006. Poultry drinking water primer. https://secure.caes.uga.edu/extension/publications/files/pdf/B%201301_4.PDF.
12.
McDonnell, G. and A.D. Russell, 1999. Antiseptics and disinfectants: Activity, action and resistance. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 12: 147-179.
13.
Abbas, T.E.E., E.A. Elzubeir and O.H. Arabbi, 2008. Drinking water quality and its effects on productive performance and immune response of layers. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 7: 441-444.
14.
El Hadri, L., J.D. Garlich, M.A. Qureshi, P.R. Ferket and N.H. Odetallah, 2004. Glucose and electrolyte supplementation of drinking water improve the immune responses of poults with inanition. Poult. Sci., 83: 803-809.
15.
Maharjan, P. and S. Watkins, 2016. Poultry drinking water sanitation: Importance and options. Poultry Industry. https://en.engormix.com/poultry-industry/articles/poultry-drinking-water-sanitation-t36573.htm.
16.
Newell, D.G., K.T. Elvers, D. Dopfer, I. Hansson and P. Jones et al., 2011. Biosecurity-based interventions and strategies to reduce Campylobacter spp. on poultry farms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 77: 8605-8614.
17.
Acikgoz, Z., H. Bayraktar and O. Altan, 2011. Effects of formic acid administration in the drinking water on performance, intestinal microflora and carcass contamination in male broilers under high ambient temperature. Asian-Austr. J. Anim. Sci., 24: 96-102.
18.
Barreiro, F.R., S.M. Baraldi-Artoni, F.R. Pinto, M.M.C. Barbosa, J.C. Barbosa and L.A. Amaral, 2012. Influence of chlorine added to drinking water during the preslaughter feed withdrawal on microbiology and morphology of the broiler gastrointestinal tract. Poult. Sci., 91: 2778-2784.
19.
Boumedous, C., Z. Djerrou and Y.H. Pacha, 2017. Impact of drinking water treatment on poultry health and performances: An experimental study. Online J. Biol. Sci., 17: 1-6.
20.
Jay, S., E.H. Gran, K. Smith, D. Lightfoot, C. Murry and G.R. Sarry, 1997. Foodborne Microorganisms of Public Health Significance. In: Modern Food Microbiology, Jain, S.K. (Ed.). 3rd Edn., CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, India, pp: 61-69.
21.
Koppenol, W.H., 1982. The reduction potential of the couple O3/O3-: Consequences for mechanisms of ozone toxicity. FEBS Lett., 140: 169-172.
22.
McDonald, P., R.A. Edwards, J.F.D. Greenhalgh and C.A. Morgan, 2002. Animal Nutrition. 6th Edn., Prentice Hall, UK., ISBN: 9780582419063, Pages: 693.
23.
Waage, A.S, T. Vardund, V. Lund and G. Kapperud, 1999. Detection of low numbers of Salmonella in environmental water, sewage and food samples by a nested polymerase chain reaction assay. J. Applied. Microbiol., 87: 418-428.
24.
Wagenet, L., L. Mancl and M. Sailus, 1995. Home water treatment. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service, Cooperative Extension, NRAES-48, Ithaca, New York.
25.
Schneider, A.F., D.S. Almeida, A.N. Moraes, L.C.A. Picinin, V. Oliveira and C.E. Gewhr, 2016. Chlorinated drinking water for lightweight laying hens. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., 68: 1690-1696.
26.
Johnson, J.Y., J.E. Thomas, T.A. Graham, I. Townshend, J. Byrne, L.B. Selinger and V.P. Gannon, 2003. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157: H7 and Salmonella spp. in surface waters of southern Alberta and its relation to manure sources. Can. J. Microbiol., 49: 326-335.
27.
Cornelison, J., M. Wilson and S. Watkins, 2005. Effects of water acidification on turkey performance. Avian Advice, 7: 1-3.
28.
Profoks, 2017. Professional oxygen systems. Omrak Plaza, Ankara, Turkey.
29.
De Beer, D., R. Srinivasan and P.S. Stewart, 1994. Direct measurement of chlorine penetration into biofilms during disinfection. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 60: 4339-4344.
30.
Damron, B.L. and L.K. Flunker, 1995. Calcium supplementation of hen drinking water. Poult. Sci., 74: 784-787.
31.
Schwean-Lardner, K., J.P. Dahiya, A.A. Olkowski, E.M. Barber, C. Riddell and H.L. Classen, 2009. Effect of adding ozone into an intensive broiler production unit on performance, mortality, ammonia levels and bacterial levels as compared with a non-ozone-treated broiler unit. J. Applied Poult. Res., 18: 649-657.
32.
Chaveerach, P., D.A. Keuzenkamp, L.J. Lipman and F. van Knapen, 2004. Effect of organic acids in drinking water for young broilers on Campylobacter infection, volatile fatty acid production, gut microflora and histological cell changes. Poult. Sci., 83: 330-334.
33.
Lardy, G., C. Stoltenhow and R. Johnson, 2008. Livestock and water. North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota.
34.
Hoigne, J., 1998. Chemistry of Aqueous Ozone and Transformation of Pollutants by Ozonation and Advanced Oxidation Processes. In: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Hrubec, J. (Ed.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, ISBN: 978-3-540-68089-5, pp: 83-141.