Research Article Open Access

Effects of Substituting Soybean Meal with Fermented Rubber Leaves and Seeds (Hevea brasilliensis) on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Native Laying Hens

Authors

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Erman Syahruddin
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia
|
R. Herawaty
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia
|
Azhar
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia
Published on: July 15, 2016
DOI 10.3923/ijps.2016.325.329
PDF

Abstract

This study aims to determine the levels of fermented rubber leaves and seeds that can be used to substitute 100% of the soybean meal in native laying hen rations without adverse effects on laying hen production. Two hundred and forty laying hens aged 20 weeks were used in this experiment. The completely randomized design assigned six treatments to replace 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100% of soybean meal with fermented rubber leaves and seeds in four replicate experiments. The variables measured were feed intake, feed conversion and income over feed cost (gross profit) as well as variables related to egg production (hen day production and egg weight) and egg quality (the thickness of eggshells and the yolk color index). Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVAs and if the results showed significance, Duncan's Test (DMRT) was used. The results showed that the performance of laying hens was not affected significantly by substituting soybean meal with fermented rubber leaves and seeds. Feed intake, feed conversion and egg production were not influenced either. In summary, fermented rubber leaves and seeds can substitute for 100% of the soybean meal in the rations of laying hens.

Keywords:

Fermented leaves and rubber seeds (Hevea brasilliensis), hen day production, native laying hen, substitution

Geographical Article Usage

Article Metrics

124 Abstract Views
84 File Views
0 Downloads

License

Copyright (c) 2016 Asian Network for Scientific Information

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article Citation Metrics

Find Effects of Substituting Soybean Meal with Fermented Rubber Leaves and Seeds (Hevea brasilliensis) on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Native Laying Hens on PlumX

How to Cite

Syahruddin , E., Herawaty, R., & Azhar. (2016). Effects of Substituting Soybean Meal with Fermented Rubber Leaves and Seeds (Hevea brasilliensis) on Egg Production and Egg Quality in Native Laying Hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 15(8), 325–329. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2016.325.329
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

1.
Anggorodi, R., 1985. The Latest Advances in Food Science Poultry Cattle. University of Indonesia, Jakarta.
2.
Balnave, D., 1981. Why to improve egg weight put more into fad manipulation by poult. Farmer, 48: 6-7.
3.
CBS., 2012. Plantation crop production index: Statistics Indonesia. Central Bureau of Statistics, Indonesia.
4.
CBS., 2013. West Sumatera in the figure. Central Bureau of Statistics of West Sumatera, Padang.
5.
Cresswell, D.C. and Gunawan, 1982. The Chickens, Local in Indonesia. Livestock Research Institute, Bogor.
6.
Iskandar, Elizabeth, Z. Desmayati, R. Heti, W. Broto and Sumanto, 1991. Appropriate Technology Native Chicken. Livestock Research Center, Bogor.
7.
Kingston, D., 1979. The role of chicken wandering Indonesia. Science and Poultry Industry II. Centre for Research and Development of Cattle, Bogor.
8.
Giok, L.T., Samsudin, Husaini and I. Tarwotjo, 1967. Nutritional value of rubber-seed protein. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 20: 1300-1303.
9.
Mansjoer, S.S., 1985. Assessment of properties native chicken production and cross-bred with chicken Rhode island red. M.Sc. Thesis, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
10.
NRC., 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA., ISBN-13: 9780309048927, Pages: 176.
11.
Nurtini, S., 1988. Ranch business overview and prospects laying chicken. Proceedings of the Poultry Seminar on Various Cattle II, (PVC'88), Balitnak, Bogor.
12.
Oluyemi, J.A., B.L. Fetuga and H.N.L. Endeley, 1976. The metabolizable energy value of some feed ingredients for young chicks. Poult. Sci., 55: 611-618.
13.
Ong, H.K. and S.W. Yeong, 1978. Prospect for the Use of Rubber Seed Meal for Feeding Pigs and Poultry. In: Feeding Stuff for Livestock in South-East Asia, Devendra, C. and R.I. Hutagalung (Eds.). Malaysian Society of Animal Production, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp: 337-344.
14.
Rasyaf, M., 2004. Food Chicken Broiler. 1st Edn., Canisius, Yogyakarta, pp: 120-122.
15.
Romanoff, A.L. and A.J. Romanoff, 1963. The Avian Egg. 2nd Edn., John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA., Pages: 918.
16.
Stadelman, W.J., 1977. Quality Identification of Shell Eggs. Egg Science and Technology. 2nd Edn., AVI Publishing Co. Inc., Westport, USA.
17.
Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 2012. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. An Approach. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
18.
Syahruddin, E. and H. Rita, 2009. Providing rubber leaves fermented with Neurosphora sitophyla to perfomance broiler. Research Report Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang.
19.
Syahruddin, E. and H. Rita, 2010. Providing fresh gum leaves against perfomance broiler. Research Report Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang.
20.
Syahruddin, E. and R. Herawaty, 2012. Giving leaves and rubber seed fermented with Trichoderma sp on broiler perfomance. Research Report Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang.
21.
Toh, K.S. and S.K. Chia, 1977. Nutritional Value of Rubber Seed Meal in Live Stock in Southeast Asia. In: Feeding Stuff for Livestock in South-East Asia, Devendra, C. and R.I. Hutagalung (Eds.). Malaysian Society of Animal Production, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp: 345-351.
22.
Wahju, J., 1992. Poultry Nutrition. Gajah Mada University Press, Bogor.