Effect of Inclusion Inorganic, Organic or Nano Selenium Forms in Broiler Diets On: 1-Growth Performance, Carcass and Meat Characteristics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2015.135.143Keywords:
Broiler, carcass, inorganic selenium, nano selenium, organic selenium, performanceAbstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of different selenium (Se) sources and levels in corn-soybean meal broiler diets. For that, 400 day-old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allocated to 10 experimental treatments in a 5 (sources) x 2 (levels) factorial arrangement. Five Se sources were tested; (1) sodium selenite (NaSe) as inorganic form; (2) selenomethionine (Se-Yeast) as organic form; (3) Zinc-L-selenomethionine (Zn-Se-Meth) as more recent organic form; (4) powder form of Nano Se form (P-Nano Se) and (5) Liquid form of Nano Se (L-Nano Se). Also two inclusion of Se levels in diets; 0.15 and 0.30 ppm, were examined. The inorganic and organic forms of examined Se were obtained from commercial suppliers while both powder and liquid forms of Nano Se were prepared immediately before starting feeding phases of the experiment. The prepared 80 nm Se nano-particles were synthesized by chemical reduction method and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry. Three phases (1-10, 11-24 and 25-40 d) of feeding were applied and all birds were kept under similar management conditions. Parameters of growth performance, carcass characteristics and concentration of Se in both liver and thigh muscles were investigated. Also assay of Malnodialdhyde (MDA) was carried out in frozen (6 months at -20°C) thigh muscles to investigate the oxidation status of broiler meat. The obtained results showed significant improvement of growth performance and Se concentration in liver and thigh tissues either due to using organic or nano forms of Se, or by increasing the inclusion Se level from 0.15 to 0.30 ppm in broiler diets. While carcass abdominal fat%, giblets% and MDA content in thigh muscles did not affected due to Se sources or levels. Liver showed grater Se concentration than thigh muscles. The overall experimental results showed that using Se-Yeast or Zn-Se-Meth as organic forms of Se, or L-Nano Se as nano form of Se at level of 0.30 ppm in broiler diets or its equivalent in drinking water, respectively, is more effective to get better growth performance and quality of broiler meat. But further studies about the safety of using nano form of selenium as feed additives are needed.
References
Cai, S.J., C.X. Wu, L.M. Gong, T. Song, H. Wu and L.Y. Zhang, 2012. Effects of nano-selenium on performance, meat quality, immune function, oxidation resistance and tissue selenium content in broilers. Poult. Sci., 91: 2532-2539.
Choct, M., A.J. Naylor and N. Reinke, 2004. Selenium supplementation affects broiler growth performance, meat yield and feather coverage. Br. Poult. Sci., 45: 677-683.
Cottenie, A., M. Verlod, L. Kiekens and R. Camerlynck, 1982. Chemical analysis of plants and soils. Laboratory of Analytical and Agrochemistry, State University Ghent, Belgium.
Deniz, G., S.S. Gezen and I.I. Turkmen, 2005. Effects of two supplemental dietary selenium sources (mineral and organic) on broiler performance and drip-loss. Revue Medecine Veterinaire, 156: 423-426.
Dlouha, G., S. Sevcikova, A. Dokoupilova, L. Zita, J. Heindl and M. Skrivan, 2008. Effect of dietary selenium sources on growth performance, breast muscle selenium, glutathione peroxidase activity and oxidative stability in broilers. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 53: 265-269.
Downs, K.M., J.B. Hess and S.F. Bilgili, 2000. Selenium source effect on broiler carcass characteristics, meat quality and drip loss. J. Applied Anim. Res., 18: 61-71.
Duncan, D.B., 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
Edens, F.W., 2001. Involvement of Sel-Plex in Physiological Stability and Performance of Broiler Chickens. In: Science and Technology in the Feed Industry, Lyons, T.P. and K.A. Jacques (Eds.). Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK., pp: 349-376.
Wang, F.X., H.Y. Ren, F.H. Zhu, J.Q. Sun, J.Y. Jiang and W.L. Li, 2008. Effects of Nano-selenium on the immune functions and antioxidant abilities of broiler chickens. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull., 2: 37-43.
Hu, C.H., Y.L. Li, L. Xiong, H.M. Zhang, J. Song and M.S. Xia, 2012. Comparative effects of nano elemental selenium and sodium selenite on selenium retention in broiler chickens. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech., 177: 204-210.
Huang, B., J. Zhang, J. Hou and C. Chen, 2003. Free radical scavenging efficiency of Nano-Se in vitro. Free Radical Biol. Med., 35: 805-813.
Kralik, Z., G. Kralik, E. Biazik, E. Strakova and P. Suchy, 2013. Effects of organic selenium in broiler feed on the content of selenium and fatty acid profile in lipids of thigh muscle tissue. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 82: 277-282.
Kralik, Z., G. Kralik, M. Greevic, P. Suchy and E. Strakova, 2012. Effects of increased content of organic selenium in feed on the selenium content and fatty acid profile in broiler breast muscle. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 81: 31-35.
Kuricova, S., K. Boldizarova, L. Gresakova, R. Bobcek, M. Levkut and L. Leng, 2003. Chicken selenium status when fed a diet supplemented with Se-yeast. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 72: 339-346.
Mahan, D.C., 1996. How organic selenium may help reduce drip loss. Misset World Poult., 12: 19-21.
Xia, M.S., H.M. Zhang, C.H. Hu and Z.R. Xu, 2005. Effect of nano-selenium on growth performance and antioxidant function of broiler chicken. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 4: 307-310.
Naylor, A.J., M. Chost and K.A. Jacques, 2000. Effect of selenium sources and level on performance and meat quality in male broilers. Poult. Sci., 79: 117-117.
Niu, Z.Y., F.Z. Liu, Q.L. Yan and W.C. Li, 2009. Effects of different levels of selenium on growth performance and immunocompetence of broilers under heat stress. Arch. Anim. Nutr., 63: 56-65.
Olivera, P., D. Backovic and S. Sladana, 2005. Dietary selenium supplementation of pigs and broilers as a way of producing selenium enriched meat. Acta Veterinaria, 55: 483-492.
Pan, C., K. Huang, Y. Zhao, S. Qin, F. Chen and Q. Hu, 2007. Effect of selenium source and level in hen's diet on tissue selenium deposition and egg selenium concentrations. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55: 1027-1032.
Payne, R.L. and L.L. Southern, 2005. Comparison of inorganic and organic selenium sources for broilers. Poult. Sci., 84: 898-902.
Reis, R.N., S.L. Vieira, P.C. Nascimento, J.E. Pena, R. Barros and C.A. Torres, 2009. Selenium contents of eggs from broiler breeders supplemented with sodium selenite or zinc-L-selenium-methionine. J. Applied Poult. Res., 18: 151-157.
Reasbeck, P.G., G.O. Barbezat, F.L. Weber Jr., M.F. Robinson and C.D. Thomson, 1985. Selenium absorption by canine jejunum. Dig. Dis. Sci., 30: 489-494.
Saad, M.B., L.R.S. Gertner, L.N. Kuritza, R.M. Hayashi, L. Pickler and E. Santin, 2013. The effect of organic selenium supplementation on the broilers' immune response. Iran. J. Applied Anim. Sci., 3: 113-118.
SAS., 1999. User's Guide. Version 6.12, Statistical Analysis System, Cary, NC., USA.
Schrauzer, G.N., 2000. Selenomethionine: A review of its nutritional significance, metabolism and toxicity. J. Nutr., 130: 1653-1656.
Sevcikova, S., M. Skrivan, G. Dlouha and M. Koucky, 2006. The effect of selenium source on the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 51: 449-457.
Srimongkol, C., K. Angkanaporn and S. Kijparkorn, 2004. Effect of selenium supplementation on performance, thyroid hormone levels, antioxidant enzyme and disaccharidase activities in broilers. Proceeding of the 20th Annual Symposium on Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industry, May 22-26, 2004, Lexington, Kentucky, USA., pp: 13.
Stolic, N., T. Radovanovic, N. Stolic, B. Milosevic, M. Milencovic and V. Doscovic, 2002. Study of the improvement of the fattering chick feeding quality using organic selenium. Biotechnol. Anim. Husbandry, 18: 239-246.
Surai, P.F., 2006. Selenium in Nutrition and Health. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.
Thomson, C.D., 1998. Selenium speciation in human body fluids. Analyst, 123: 827-831.
Upton, J.R., F.W. Edens and P.R. Ferket, 2008. Selenium yeast effect on broiler performance. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 7: 798-805.
Wang, Y. and L. Fu, 2012. Forms of selenium affect its transport, uptake and glutathione peroxidase activity in the Caco-2 cell model. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 149: 110-116.
Wang, H.L., J.S. Zhang and H.Q. Yu, 2007. Elemental selenium at nano size possesses lower toxicity without compromising the fundamental effect on selenoenzymes: Comparison with selenomethionine in mice. Free Radical Biol. Med., 42: 1524-1533.
Ward, T., 2003. Looking beyond selenium yeast. Feed Tech, 7: 20-22.
Zhang, J., X. Wang and T. Xu, 2008. Elemental selenium at nano size (Nano-Se) as a potential chemopreventive agent with reduced risk of selenium toxicity: Comparison with Se-methylselenocysteine in mice. Toxicol. Sci., 101: 22-31.
Zhang, S.Y., J. Zhang, H.Y. Wang and H.Y. Chen, 2004. Synthesis of selenium nanoparticles in the presence of polysaccharides. Mater. Lett., 58: 2590-2594.
Zhou, X. and Y. Wang, 2011. Influence of dietary nano elemental selenium on growth performance, tissue selenium distribution, meat quality and glutathione peroxidase activity in Guangxi Yellow chicken. Poult. Sci., 90: 680-686.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Asian Network for Scientific Information
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
