Effects of Ascaridia galli Infection on Mucin-Producing Goblet Cells in the Mucosal Duodenum of Indonesian Local Chickens (Gallus domesticus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2019.39.44Keywords:
Ascaridia galli, goblet cells, Indonesian local chickens, mucus, PAS stainingAbstract
Background and Objective: Chickens infected with Ascaridia galli worms (A. galli ) suffer from slow growth and decreased weight gain. Infection with A. galli usually causes severe damage to the intestines due to migration of the worms in the tissue phase of the intestinal mucosa layer, which affects the proliferation of goblet cells in the duodenums of affected chickens. It is necessary to conduct a study that evaluates the effects of A. galli infestation on the number of goblet cells in the duodenal epithelium of infected chickens. Methodology: In this study, we used a total of 20day-old chicks (DOC). The A. galli worms used in this study were obtained from local chicken slaughterhouses. The worm eggs were embryonized to the L2 stage and inoculated with as many as 5000 eggs/chicken. Samples of the duodenum were taken after the chickens were 6 weeks old, at which time Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining was performed. The elimination rate of the number of worm eggs after the infection was observed every once a week up to week 6 of the research period. Results were analyzed using Student’s t-test and descriptive analysis. Results: There tended to be a higher number of mucin-producing goblet cells in the treatment group than in the control group. The number of worm eggs found increased until the 21st day after infection. The peak of worm egg elimination occurred on the 21st day after infection, with a mean of 2000±250 eggs per gram (EPG); however, the number decreased again on the 28th day after infection. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that A. galli infection has a significant effect (p<0.05) on the increased number of goblet cells in the duodenal epithelium of broiler chickens. This worm infection also affects the length of the duodenum and the increase in chicken body weight on a weekly basis.
References
Balqis, U., 2007. Gambaran histopatologi usus halus ayam petelur yang diimunisasi dengan protease dan ditantang dengan dosis 1000 L2 Ascaridia galli. Ph.D. Thesis, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Balqis, U., T. Risa, B.P. Pontjo and Darmawi, 2007. Goblet cells proliferation of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of laying hens immunized with protein of excretory-secretory of Ascaridia galli. J. Ked. Hewan, 1: 70-75.
Soulsby, E.J.L., 1982. Helmints, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Anjmals. 7th Edn., Bailliere Tindall, Oval Road, London, pp: 145-148, 163-165.
He, S., V.E.H.S. Susilowati, E. Purwati and R. Tiuria, 1990. An estimate of meat production loss in native chicken in Bogor and its surrounding district due to gastrointestinal helminthiasis. Proceedings of the 5th National Congress of Parasitology, June 23-25, 1990, East Java, Indonesia.
Ackert, J.E. and C.A. Herrick, 1928. Effects of the nematode Ascaridia lineata (Schneider) on growing chickens. J. Parasitol., 15: 1-13.
Prastowo, J., O. Herawati, B. Ariyadi and Kurniasih, 2017. Effects of Areca catechu seed and Anredera cordifolia leaf on Ascaridia galli infection in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). Int. J. Poult. Sci., 16: 494-499.
Coles, E.H., 1986. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 4th Edn., W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp: 279-285.
Anwar, H. and Zia-ur-Rahman, 2002. Effect of Ascaridia galli infestation on electrolytes and vitamins in chickens. J. Biol. Sci., 2: 650-651.
Ogbaje, C.I., E.O. Agbo and O.J. Ajanusi, 2012. Prevalence of Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and Tapeworm Infections in Birds Slaughtered in Makurdi Township Int. J. Poult. Sci., 11: 103-107.
Prastowo, J. and B. Ariyadi, 2015. Pengaruh infeksi cacing Ascaridia galli terhadap gambaran darah dan elektrolit ayam kampung (Gallus domesticus). J. Medika Vet., 9: 12-17.
Susilowati, R., 2016. Pemanfaatan metode stereologi pada penelitian dengan sediaan histologi. Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan Perhimpunan Ahli Anatomi Indonesia.
Miller, H.R.P. and Y. Nawa, 1979. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: Intestinal goblet-cell response in adoptively immunized rats. Exp. Parasitol., 47: 81-90.
Athaillah, F., 1999. Respons pertahanan selaput lendir usus halus terhadap infeksi cacing Ascaridia galli pada ayam petelur. Ph.D. Tesis, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.
Urquhart, G.M., J. Armour, J.L. Duncan, A.M. Dunn and F.W. Jennings, 1987. Veterinary Parasitology. 1st Edn., English Language Book Society, The Bath Press, London.
Zalizar, L., F. Satrija, R. Tiuria and D.A. Astuti, 2006. Effect of Ascaridia galli infection on histopathologic description, size of small intestines villi surface and body weight change in starters. J. Ilmu Vet., 11: 222-228.
Darmawi, U. Balqis and R. Tiuria, 2011. Ascaridia galli populations in intestine of chickens treated with combination of excretory/secretory L3 and immunoglobulin yolk. J. Agripet, 11: 22-28.
Morrow, D.A., 1986. Current Therapy in Theriogenology: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Reproductive Diseases in Small and Large Animals. 2nd Edn., WB Saunders Co., St. Louis.
Balqis, U., M. Hanafiah, C. Januari, M.N. Salim, S. Aisyah and Y. Fahrimal, 2015. Quantity of goblet cells in chicken small intestine (Gallus domesticus) naturally infected by Ascaridia galli. J. Medika Vet., 9: 64-67.
Yusuf, K.H., O.J. Ajanusi, A.I. Lawal, L. Saidu and I.D. Jatau, 2016. Effects of Ascaridia galli infection in two breeds of broilers. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 15: 72-75.
Michel, J.F., 1974. Arrested development of nematodes and some related phenomena. Adv. Parasitol., 12: 279-366.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
