Nutritional Value of Fermented Rice Bran for Broiler Chickens: Apparent Metabolizable Energy and Growth Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2019.618.625Keywords:
Apparent metabolizable energy, broiler feed, fermented rice bran, growth performance, yellow cornAbstract
Background and Objectives: The inclusion level of rice bran in broiler diets is limited due to its anti-nutritional factors such as phytic acid and fibre. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of solid fermentation of rice bran on the nutrient composition and feeding value for broilers. Materials and Methods: Experiment I: The apparent metabolisable energy of fermented rice bran (FRB), unfermented rice bran (UFRB) and yellow corn (as a reference) was determined using 64 growing broilers (28-35day). The assay diets were developed by substituting yellow corn, FRB and UFRB at 500 and 250 g kg–1 (w/w), respectively, of the basal diet. All diets were offered ad libitum to four cages containing 4 birds per cage. Experiment II: The feeding value of fermented rice bran was investigated. The experiment was designed using completely randomized design with six treatments and four replicates (10 birds/cage). A total of 240 day-old broilers were randomly distributed to 24 experimental units. The assay diets (0-250 g kg–1 FRB) were offered ad libitum to broilers from 0-21day. Data were analysed using ANOVA. Results: In experiment I, the results showed that the AME/n values of FRB were found to be higher (p<0.05) than the AME/n values of UFRB but it was comparable (p>0.05) to the AME/n values of yellow corn. In the experiment II, the different inclusion level of FRB significantly (p<0.01) affected the body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake of broilers but it did not affect (p>0.05) feed per gain and mortality rate. The BWG of birds fed on diets containing 0-150 g kg–1 of the FRB was lower (p<0.05) than those fed on diets containing 100-250 g kg–1 of the FRB. Birds given diets containing 100-250 g kg–1 FRB had similar (p>0.05) BWG. Conclusion: FRB is a good source of energy and amino acids and can be included up to 250 g kg–1 in broiler ration without a negative impact on the performance.
References
Sharma, R., T. Srivastava and D.C. Saxena, 2015. Studies on rice bran and its benefits-A review. Int. J. Eng. Res. Applic., 5: 107-112.
Garcia, M.C., M.D.T. Benassi and M.S. Soares Júnior, 2012. Physicochemical and sensory profile of rice bran roasted in microwave. Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment., 32: 754-761.
Faria, S.A.D.S.C., P.Z. Bassinello and M.D.V.C. Penteado, 2012. Nutritional composition of rice bran submitted to different stabilization procedures. Braz. J. Pharm. Sci., 48: 651-657.
Rafe, A., A. Sadeghian and S.Z. Hoseini-Yazdi, 2016. Physicochemical, functional and nutritional characteristics of stabilized rice bran form tarom cultivar. Food Sci. Nutr., 5: 407-414.
Shaheen, M., I. Ahmad, F.M. Anjum, Q.A. Syed and M.K. Saeed, 2015. Effect of processed rice bran on growth performance of broiler chicks from Pakistan. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 440-445.
Khan, S.H., M.S. Butt, F.M. Anjum and A. Jamil, 2009. Antinutritional appraisal and protein extraction from differently stabilized rice bran. Pak. J. Nutr., 8: 1281-1286.
Kaur, S., S. Sharma and H.P.S. Nagi, 2011. Functional properties and anti-nutritional factors in cereal bran. Asian J. Food Agro-Ind., 4: 122-131.
Medugu, C.I., A.O. Raji, J.U. Igwebuike and E. Barwa, 2011. Alternative cereal grains and cereal by-products as sources of energy in poultry diets-A review. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci., 1: 530-542.
Bhosale, S. and D. Vijayalakshmi, 2015. Processing and nutritional composition of rice bran. Curr. Res. Nutr. Food Sci. J., 3: 74-80.
Oliveira, M.D.S., E.P. Cipolatti, E.B. Furlong and L.D.S. Soares, 2012. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in fermented rice (Oryza sativa) bran. Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment., 32: 531-537.
Krás, R.V., A.M. Kessler, A.M.L. Ribeiro, J.D. Henn, L. Bockor and A.F. Sbrissia, 2013. Effect of dietary fiber, genetic strain and age on the digestive metabolism of broiler chickens. Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic., 15: 83-90.
Liu, H.Y., E. Ivarsson, L. Jonsson, L. Holm, T. Lundh and J.E. Lindberg, 2011. Growth performance, digestibility and gut development of broiler chickens on diets with inclusion of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Poult. Sci., 90: 815-823.
Nalle, C.L., 2009. Nutritional evaluation of grain legumes for poultry. Ph.D. Thesis, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Adeola, O. and A.J. Cowieson, 2011. Board-invited review: Opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production. J. Anim. Sci., 89: 3189-3218.
Reddy, N.R., 2002. Occurrence, Distribution, Content and Dietary Intake of Phytate. In: Food Phytates, Reddy, N.R. and S.K. Sathe (Eds.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp: 25-51.
Gupta, R.K., S.S. Gangoliya and N.K. Singh, 2015. Reduction of phytic acid and enhancement of bioavailable micronutrients in food grains. J. Food Sci. Technol., 52: 676-684.
Amerah, A.M., 2015. Interactions between wheat characteristics and feed enzyme supplementation in broiler diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 199: 1-9.
Woyengo, T.A. and C.M. Nyachoti, 2012. Review: Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry-current knowledge and directions for future research. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 93: 9-21.
Kapilan, R., 2015. Solid state fermentation for microbial products: A review. Arch. Applied Sci. Res., 7: 21-25.
Horwitz, W. and G.W. Latimer, 2005. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 18th Edn., AOAC International, Gaithersburg, Maryland, ISBN-13: 978-0935584752.
Hill, F.W. and D.L. Anderson, 1958. Comparison of metabolizable energy and productive energy determinations with growing chicks. J. Nutr., 64: 587-603.
SAS., 1997. SAS/STAT User’s Guide: Statistics. Version 6.12. SAS Institute, Cary, NC., USA.
Martos, M., A. Baumann, N. Cruz, R. Hours and O. Garro, 2012. Partial characterization of enzymatic activities produced bya wild strain of A. niger. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Food Sci., 2: 917-932.
Farinas, C.S., L.M. Scarpelini, E.A. Miranda and V.B. Neto, 2011. Evaluation of operational parameters on the precipitation of endoglucanase and xylanase produced by solid state fermentation of Aspergillus niger. Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 28: 17-26.
Santos, T., 2011. Optimisation of phytase production by Aspergillus niger using solid state fermentation. Master Thesis, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Lawal, T.E., S.G. Ademola, A. Owoseni, O.E. Atobatele and L.O. Oriye, 2013. Use of Aspergillus niger for improving the feeding value of rice offal. Afr. J. Bitechnol., 12: 3083-3087.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
