The Effect of Altering Feed Formula, Processing and Supplements on Clostridium spp. In Broilers Using the Fung Double Tube Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2019.544.554Keywords:
<i>Clostridium</i> spp., broiler, feed formulas, feed processing, fung double tubeAbstract
Background and Objective: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an acute intestinal infection that severely affects broiler performance and mortality. A new method for improved assay to enumerate Clostridium ssp. enables investigations to focus on how this disease affects broiler flocks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Fung Double Tube (FDT) method to enumerate Clostridium spp. in poultry samples from the environment and feed rations. Materials and Methods: Twenty chicks were placed in floor pens with shavings, with 3 replications per diet and 240 per trial. Diets in Trial 1 were: Corn-soybean meal (CS), Expanded corn, Low-crude protein (19.8%)/High synthetic amino acids (SAA) and Barley (56%)-fishmeal (4%, BF) and contained an antibiotic and a coccidiostat. Diets in Trial 2 were: CS, Barley (7.5%), Fishmeal (4%) and BF and no antibiotic or coccidiostat. In Trial 1, environmental samples were collected while feed samples were analyzed in Trial 2. Results: In Trial 1, birds fed BF had the highest (p<0.05) counts (5.96 log10 CFU g–1) of Clostridium spp. Clostridium spp. was isolated from feed, feeders, pen walls, floors and litter. In Trial 2, birds fed the CS diet (2.70 log10 CFU g–1) had lower (p<0.05) counts than birds fed BF (4.15 log10 CFU g–1). Broilers fed fishmeal (3.58 log10 CFU g–1) and barley (3.58 log10 CFU g–1) had Clostridium spp. counts that numerically higher compared to the CS diet but lower than birds fed BF. Conclusion: The FDT method is useful to follow NE levels in poultry, in the feed and their environments.
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