In vitro Evaluation of Coconut Husk Potential as Phytobiotics for Poultry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2019.109.115Keywords:
<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, antioxidant, coconut husk, phytobiotics, poultry productionAbstract
Background and Objective: The current in vitro study was carried out to evaluate the potential of coconut husks as phytobiotics for poultry. Materials and Methods: Coconut husks were collected from the local market and dried in the oven. The dried materials were finely ground and extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate or acetone. Crude extracts from the three types of solvents were rotary evaporated until dry. The dry extracts were then subjected to chemical analysis, evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities and bacterial growth performance of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Results: The results indicated that the extracts consisted of bioactive compounds such as flavonoid, steroid, gallic acid and tannin and the content was affected by the type of solvent (p<0.05). The type of solvent also had a significant effect on antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity for Escherichia coli (p<0.05) but not for Staphylococcus aureus (p>0.05). Antioxidant activity (IC50) was 85.15, 119.78 and 143.59 ppm ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC) for methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone, respectively. The average inhibition for pathogenic E. coli was 11.82, 11.93 and 12.34 mm for methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone respectively, while inhibition for S. aureus was 11.99, 12.18 and 12.27 mm for methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone respectively. Interestingly, the extracts also produced a significant effect (p<0.05) on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus. The average growth improvement was 1.62 and 1.77 nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs) for methanol and acetone, respectively. Conclusion: Crude extracts of coconut husk have the potential to be used as phytobiotics for poultry production.
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