Comparative Study of the Pathology and Pathogenesis of a Local Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Ducks and Chickens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2014.52.61Keywords:
Chickens, ducks, experimental infection, Nigeria, susceptibility, velogenic newcastle diseaseAbstract
The susceptibility to a local velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain (Kudu 113) was studied in 6-week-old ducks and chickens. Following intramuscular inoculation, of 106.667/mL ELD, classical signs of ND were observed in infected chicken (IC) on days 3-15 post inoculation (PI). In the infected ducks (ID), only paralysis was observed. Morbidity was 70% in IC and 15% in ID, while the total mortality was 58.3% in IC and 2.94% in ID. Weight loss was highly significant (p<0.05) in IC from day 3 to 21 (PI) but slightly significant (p<0.05) in ID on days 3 and 15 PI. The necropsy showed marked atrophy of the lymphoid organs and hemorrhages on the proventriculus of IC. They also presented severely congested skeletal muscles, sharply demarcated hemorrhagic and necrotic intestinal ulcers and cecal tonsil hemorrhages. The ID showed congested skeletal muscles, mild intestinal erosions and slight cecal tonsil hemorrhages. Sections of the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen showed lymphocytic necrosis and depletion in IC but not in ID. The mild clinical signs and lesions in the ducks reveal that they are far less susceptible than the chickens and may be maintaining the endemicity of ND.
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