Use of Samh Seeds (Mesembryanthemum forsskalei Hochst) in the Laying Hen Diets

Abstract

Samh plant is grown wildly in the northern part of Saudi Arabia. This study was conducted to determine the chemical analysis and the True Metabolizable energy of the Samh seeds and the possibilities of using this feed ingredient in the diets of layers. The chemical analysis of the Samh showed that it contained 22.16% protein, 3.09% fat, 10.62% fiber, 6.93% moisture, 0.05% Ca, 0.17% P and 2.49% Ash. The amino acid profile showed higher levels of non-essential amino acids and lower essential amino acids than SBM. The AME of the seeds, calculated from the TME, was found to be 2976 Kcal/Kg. A trial was conducted for 24 weeks using 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% Samh seeds in layer diets, showed that including up to 10% Samh seeds in the layer diet improved egg weight, production rate and egg mass of the layer. However, feed consumption and conversion were deteriorated as level of Samh seeds increased beyond 5% level. Birds, fed Samh seeds produced lighter color yolk than the control birds. Yolk index was better in the control birds comparing to those fed the Samh seeds. It was concluded that until more research is conducted in this area, no recommendations can be drawn in favor of the Samh seeds, however, there was some indications that Samh seeds can replace part of corn, but in this case the diet should be fortified with yolk coloring agent.