Effects of Canola Oil on Fatty Acids and Biochemical Traits of Blood Plasma in Broiler Chickens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2020.37.41Keywords:
Broilers, canola oil, cholesterol, fatty acids, glucose, uric acidAbstract
Objective: Field trials were conducted to investigate the effects of canola oil on broiler chickens in terms of their fatty acid composition and biochemical traits, such as the concentrations of cholesterol, glucose and uric acid. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using 120 individual Ross 308 broilers at the age of 21 days. The animals were randomly distributed into four equal groups. Canola oil was added to the diets at different concentrations of 0, 3 and 5%, which correspond to treatments T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The fatty acid composition and biochemical characteristics were tested. Results: Saturated fatty acids and blood glucose concentration decreased as the concentration of canola oil increased. There was also a significant increase in cholesterol and uric acid in the treatment groups in comparison to the control group as the concentration of canola oil increased. Conclusion: Canola oil administration decreases the concentrations of saturated fatty acids and blood glucose in broilers, especially at higher levels. However, more studies are needed to detect the mechanism involved.
References
Kinsella, J.E., B. Lokesh and R.A. Stone, 1990. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and amelioration of cardiovascular disease: Possible mechanisms. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 52: 1-28.
Tuncer, S.D., R. Asti, B. Coskun, H. Erer and M.A. Tekes, 1987. The effect of different energy sources on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition and fatty liver syndrome in broilers. 1. The effect on growth performance and abdominal fat deposition. Eur. J. Vet. Sci., 3: 25-40.
Chen, H.Y. and S.H. Chiang, 2005. Effect of dietary polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio on heat production and growth performance of chicks under different ambient temperature. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 120: 299-308.
Danicke, S., 2001. Interaction between Cereal Identity and Fat Quality and Content in Response to Feed Enzymes in Broilers. In: Enzymes in Farm Animal Nutrition, Bedford, M.R. and G.G. Partridge (Eds.)., CABI., Wallingford, UK., pp: 199-236.
Danicke, S., H. Jeroch, W. Bottcher and O. Simon, 2000. Interactions between dietary fat type and enzyme supplementation in broiler diets with high pentosan contents: Effects on precaecal and total tract digestibility of fatty acids, metabolizability of gross energy, digesta viscosity and weights of small intestine. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 84: 279-294.
Sim, J.S., 1990. Flax seed as a high energy/protein/omega-3 fatty acid feed ingredient for poultry. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Flax Institute of the United States Meeting, (FIUSM'90), Fargo ND., USA., pp: 65-72.
Fanaeia, H.R., M. Galavia, M. Kafi and A.G. Bonjara, 2009. Amelioration of water stress by potassium fertilizer in two oilseed species. Int. J. Plant Prod., 3: 41-54.
Wardlaw, G.M., J.T. Snook, M.C. Lin, M.A. Puangco and J.S. Kwon, 1991. Serum lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations in healthy men on diets enriched in either canola oil or safflower oil. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 54: 104-110.
USDA., 2011. Oilseeds: World market and trade. United States Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, Washington, DC, USA., pp: 11-12.
Bogusławska-Tryk M., A. Piotrowska, R. Szymeczko, K. Burlikowska, B. Głowińska, 2016. Lipid metabolism indices and fatty acids profile in the blood serum of broiler chickens fed a diet with lignocellulose. Braz. J. Poult. Sci., 18: 451-456.
NRC., 1994. National Research Council Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington DC., USA.
SAS., 2005. SAS User’s Guide: Statistics. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
Gallardo, M.A., D.D. Perez and F.M. Leighton, 2012. Modification of fatty acid composition in broiler chickens fed canola oil. Biol. Res., 45: 149-161.
Yuan, N., J.P. Wang, X.M. Ding, S.P. Bai and Q.F. Zeng et al., 2019. Effects of supplementation with different rapeseed oil sources and levels on production performance, egg quality and serum parameters in laying hens. Poult. Sci., 98: 1697-1705.
Lopez-Ferrer, S., M.D. Baucells, A.C. Barroeta and M.A. Grashorn, 1999. N-3 enrichment of chicken meat using fish oil: Alternative substitution with rapeseed and linseed oils. Poult. Sci., 78: 356-365.
Scott, M.L., M.C. Nesheim and R.J. Young, 1982. Nutrition of the Chicken. 3rd Edn., M.L. Scott and Associates Ithaca, New York, USA., ISBN-10: 0960272623, Pages: 562.
Salamatdoustnobar, R., A. Ghorbani, K.N. Adl and S.S.G. Maghami, 2011. Diet manipulation could influence liver polyunsaturated and mono unsaturated fatty acids of Azerbaijan native Turkeys? J. Am. Sci., 7: 155-157.
Pietras, M., T. Barowicz and R. Gąsior, 2000. The effect of vegetable fat supplements on carcass quality and fatty acid profile of meat in broiler chickens. Ann. Anim. Sci.-Roczniki Naukowe Zootechniki, 27: 209-219.
Yang, C.X., C. Ji, L.M. Ding. and Y. Rong, 2000. N-3 fatty acid metabolism and effects of alpha-linolenic acid on enriching n-3 FA eggs. J. Chi. Agric. Univ., 95: 117-122.
Calder, P.C., 2001. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation and immunity. Lipids, 36: 1007-1024.
Rahimi, S., S.K. Azad and M.A.K. Torshizi, 2011. Omega-3 enrichment of broiler meat by using two oil seeds. J. Agric. Sci. Technol., 13: 353-365.
El-Bahra, S.M. and A.S. Ahmed, 2012. Effect of vegetable oils on growth, lipid profile, and immunologic response in broiler chicken fed isoenergetic diet. Rev. Científica UDO Agrícola, 12: 201-206.
Fouladi, P., R.S.D. Nobar and A. Ahmadzade, 2008. Effect of canola oil on liver's and blood's cholesterol and triglyceride contents in broiler chicks. Res. J. Poult. Sci., 2: 63-66.
Ebdi, E. and A. Nobakht, 2017. The effects of different levels of canola oil and diet mixing time length on performance, carcass characteristics and blood lipids of broilers. Iran. J. Applied Anim. Sci., 7: 75-81.
Ismail, I.B., K. Al-Bosaadah and S.M. El-Bahr, 2013. Effect of dietary supplementation of canola oil on egg production, quality and biochemistry of egg yolk and plasma of laying hen. Int. J. Biol. Chem., 7: 27-37.
Salamatdoustnobar, R., A. Gorbani, K. Nazeradl, A. Ayazi and A. Hamidiyan et al., 2010. Beneficial effects of canola oil on breast fatty acids profile and some of serum biochemical parameters of Iranian native Turkeys. Cell Anim. Biol., 4: 125-130.
Donsbough, A.L., S. Powell, A. Waguespack, T.D. Bidner and L.L. Southern, 2010. Uric acid, urea and ammonia concentrations in serum and uric acid concentration in excreta as indicators of amino acid utilization in diets for broilers. Poult. Sci., 89: 287-294.
Ahmed, A.S., S.M. El-Bahr and A.A. Al-Azraqi, 2013. Effect of canola and olive oils on productive, immunological and some biochemical parameters of broiler chickens fed iso caloric and high caloric diets. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 12: 726-734.
Marshall, J.A., D.H. Bessesen and R.F. Hamman, 1997. High saturated fat and low starch and fibre are associated with hyperinsulinaemia in a non-diabetic population: The San Luis valley diabetes study. Diabetologia, 40: 430-438.
Ahmad, S., Ahsan-ul-Haq, Z. Kamran, M. Yousaf and Ata-ur-Rehman et al., 2014. Supplemental effects of canola oil as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin a on production performance, blood metabolites and immune response in laying hens. Anim. Nutr. Feed Technol., 14: 499-510.
Fébel, H., M. Mézes, T. Pálfy, A. Hermán and J. Gundel et al., 2008. Effect of dietary fatty acid pattern on growth, body fat composition and antioxidant parameters in broilers. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr., 92: 369-376.
Crespo, N. and E. Esteve-Garcia, 2003. Polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce insulin and very low density lipoprotein levels in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 82: 1134-1139.
Jeber, B.A. and H.M. Khaeim, 2019. Effect of foliar application of amino acids, organic acids, and naphthalene acetic acid on growth and yield traits of wheat. Plant Arch., 19: 824-826.
Khaeim, H.M., 2013. Mass selection with an optical sorter for head scab resistance in soft red winter wheat. Master's Thesis, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY., USA.
Sahib, W., A. Alawsy, L. Alabadi, S. Alabadi and H.M. Khaeim, 2018. Effect of sewage water irrigation on growth performance, biomass and nutrient accumulation in maize and barley. Int. J. Agric. Stat. Sci., 14: 519-524.
Alabadi, L.A.S., W.S.A. Alawsy, H.M. Khaeim and A.H. Al-Hadithy, 2018. Utilization of treated wastewater in irrigation and growth of Jatropha plant to protect the environment from pollution and combating desertification. Plant Arch., 18: 2429-2434.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
