Features of the Common Myna in Green Areas of Almaty
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2019.379.386Keywords:
Acclimatization, biotope, common myna, range, urbanizationAbstract
Background and Objective: The common myna is native to southern Asia and has been found in Kazakhstan since 19611. This article aimed to determine the current state of the localization of the common myna (Acridotheres tristis L.) in urban areas. This bird quickly adapts to new environments and has become a real synanthropic species. Due to its adaptive assimilation, the myna, which is a new member of the urban ornithofauna, some of the birds found in the city began to displace. However, the number and location of Acridotheres tristis L. have not been specifically studied. Materials and Methods: Common mynas were studied in four green zones of Almaty City. The study was conducted in accordance with commonly accepted classical ornithological methodologies, including visual observations, e.g. with 30 min of observations in one location and a 5 min census on certain routes. A total of 109 h were spent in the above mentioned green zones. Results: Currently, common mynas are widespread in all areas of the city and the research areas and the distribution of the common myna was unevenly distorted and quantitatively variable. In addition to determining the number of birds that reside with common mynas and factors that threaten the safety of common mynas, the impacts of the species on the environment, including competition with other bird species, were studied. Conclusion: The common myna population in Almaty is healthy and these birds have quickly adapted to the moderate belt climate and are gradually spreading to the north. In addition, they are displacing local birds that reside in the cities of Kazakhstan.
References
Akhmetova, A., N. Mukhitdinov and A. Ydyrys, 2015. Anatomical indicators of the leaf structure of Ferula iliensis, growing in the eastern part of Zailiyskiy Alatau (Big Boguty mountains). Pak. J. Bot., 47: 511-515.
Bird Life International, 2013. Acridotheres tristis. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature, UK.
Ali, S. and S.D. Ripley, 2001. Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan. Vol. 5, Oxford University Press, India, Pages: 278.
Rasmussen, P.C. and J.C. Anderton, 2005. Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide. Vol. 2, Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, USA., Pages: 584.
Gibson, A.R., A.J. Baker and A. Moeed, 1984. Morphometric variation in introduced populations of the common myna (Acridotheres tristis): An application of the jackknife to principal component analysis. Systemat. Biol., 33: 408-421.
Kovshar, A.F., 1984. The middle ages of the middle ages. Proceedings of the 8th All-Union Zoological Conference, (AUZ'84), Almaty, pp: 72-74.
Peacock, D.S., B.J. van Rensburg and M.P. Robertson, 2007. The distribution and spread of the invasive alien common myna, Acridotheres tristis L. (Aves: Sturnidae), in Southern Africa. S. Afr. J. Sci., 103: 465-473.
Karpov, F.F., 2002. Additions to the list of birds of Alma-Ata. Kaz. Ornithol. Bulletin, pp: 129.
Kovshar, V.A., 1995. Avifauna of the city of Almaty and the role of green spaces in its formation. Master's Thesis, Cand. Biol. Sciences, Almaty.
Levin, A.S., 2006. Results of Citywide Bird Counting in Almaty. Ornithological Research in Northern Eurasia, Stavropol, pp: 313-314.
Favor, I.C., 1976. On methods of quantitative accounting and evaluation of the visible structure of parking parks. Orenitologiya, 12: 216-222.
Korovin, A., 2001. Accounting on pads and their application in the study of the population structure of the birds of the agrafanta. Proceedings of the Materials of the Conference. The Painting Method of Bird Abundance in Modern Russia, (PMBAMR'01), Tambov, pp: 85-94.
Tambov, 2001. The construction method of bird abundance in modern Russia. Tambov University, Russia, pp: 95-106.
Khrokov, V.V., V.N. Dvoryanov, A.S. Levin, N.M. Gusev, Z.B. Levina and E.R. Udartseva, 2010. Monitoring the number of birds in the city of Almaty in 2009. Russian Ornithol. J., 19: 1035-1045.
Borodikhin, I., 1968. Birds of Almaty. Science, Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, Pages: 121.
Griffin, A.S., 2008. Social learning in Indian mynahs, Acridotheres tristis: The role of distress calls. Anim. Behav., 75: 79-89.
Karpov, F.F., 2004. New birds of Almaty city. Kazakhstan Ornithology Bulletin, pp: 195.
Kovshar, A.F. and A.S. Levin, 1993. Birds of the Betpak-Dala Desert. The Fauna and Biology of Birds of Kazakhstan. Institute of Zoology, Almaty, pp: 104-132.
Gavrilov, E.I. and A.E. Gavrilov, 2005. The Birds of Kazakhstan. Tethys Ornithol Research, Almaty.
Egorov, 1999. Kvakva nycticorax nycticorax and Acridotheres tristis-new types of birds in the East Kazakhstan region. Institute of Zoology, Kazakhstan.
Gavrilov, E.I., 2000. The Fauna and Distribution of Birds of Kazakhstan. Institute of Zoology, Almaty.
Kovshar, S., 1988. Vertebrates of Alma-Ata (Fauna, Accommodation, Protection). Science, Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, pp: 23.
Tengrinews, 2017. [The city is not for birds]. Tengrinews, April 18, 2017. https://tengrinews.kz/article/512.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
