Nutritional Quality and Safety of Chicken Meat Consumed in Ota, Ogun State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2018.280.284Keywords:
Chicken meat, heavy metals, lipid profile, malondialdehyde, proximate compositionAbstract
Background and Objective: Imported chicken meat is smuggled into the country through the porous borders of Idiroko road which leads into Ota, Ogun State and sold to retailers in the open market. This study was carried out to assess and compare the nutritional composition and safety profile of the imported frozen, exotic commercial and indigenous chicken meats consumed in Ota metropolis. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 chicken meat samples were used for the study. Group 1, 2 and 3 comprise of seven samples each of imported frozen, exotic commercial and local chicken meat, respectively. The samples were digested and nutritional composition assessed by determination of proximate composition and essential elemental analysis. The safety profile was determined by quantification of levels of heavy metals (cadmium, lead and chromium), malondialdehyde and lipid profile of the chicken meats. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 15.0. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The proximate composition revealed significantly higher (p<0.05) levels of food nutrients in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1. Similarly, the elemental analysis showed that groups 2 and 3 had significantly higher (p<0.05) levels of the elements and their concentration is within permissible limits compared to group 1 with significantly higher levels (p<0.05) of heavy metals such as lead, chromium and cadmium. Furthermore, the lipid profile analysis revealed significant increase (p<0.05) in levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride and total cholesterol in the group 1 samples while group 3 has significantly higher levels (p<0.05) of High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C). Malondialdehyde levels were also significantly higher in the group 1 samples compared to groups 2 and 3. Conclusion: The local and exotic commercial chicken meat are more nutritious and safer for consumption compared to the imported chicken meats sold in Ota, Ogun state.
References
Adene, D.F. and A.E. Oguntade, 2006. The structure and importance of the commercial and village-based poultry systems in Nigeria. FAO. Review Nigeria, pp: 1-109.
Anonymous, 2015. An assessment of the Nigerian poultry sector. Sahel Capital Newsletter, Volume 11, June 2015, Lagos, Nigeria.
Falaju, J., 2015. Nigeria: Effects of imported poultry products on health, economy. The Guardian, Late Edn, pp: 22.
Rotschild, J., 2002. Nigeria poultry and products poultry update. Gain Report No. NI2025.
Sonaiya, E.B., 1997. African network on rural poultry development: l’rogress report, November 1989 to June 1995. Proceedings of the African Network for Rural Poultry Development Workshop, June 13-14, 1995, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, pp: 134-143.
Wheatley, R.A., 2000. Some recent trends in the analytical chemistry of lipid peroxidation. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem., 19: 617-628.
Wang, Y., 2005. The bioavaility, potency and distribution of dietary palm tocopherols and tocotrinols in the tissues of red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis sp. M.Sc. Thesis, University Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Demirezen, D. and K. Uruc, 2006. Comparative study of trace elements in certain fish, meat and meat products. Meat Sci., 74: 255-260.
Abd El-Salam, N.M., S. Ahmad, A. Basir, A.K., Rais and A. Bibi et al., 2013. Distribution of heavy metals in the liver, kidney, heart, pancreas and meat of cow, buffalo, goat, sheep and chicken from Kohat market Pakistan. Life Sci. J., 10: 937-940.
IOSHIC, 1999. Metals: In Basics of Chemical Safety. Chapter 7, International Labour Organization, Geneva.
Iwegbue, C.M.A., G.E. Nwajei and E.H. Iyoha, 2008. Heavy metal residues of chicken meat and gizzard and Turkey meat consumed in Southern Nigeria. Bulgar. J. Vet. Med., 11: 275-280.
Jones, J.B. and V.W. Case, 1990. Sampling, Handling and Analysing Plant Tissue Samples. In: Soil Testing and Plant Analysis, 3rd Edn., Westerman, R.L. (Ed.)., Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, pp: 389-427.
AOAC., 2005. Official Method of Analysis. 18th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, Maryland, USA.
AOAC., 2005. Official Method of Analysis. 15th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, Washington, D.C. USA., pp: 777-784.
Varshney, R. and R.K. Kale, 1990. Effects of calmodulin antagonists on radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in microsomes. Int. J. Radiat. Biol., 58: 733-743.
Allain, C.C., L.S. Poon, C.S.G. Chan, W. Richmond and P.C. Fu, 1974. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin. Chem., 20: 470-475.
Bucolo, G. and H. David, 1973. Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes. Clin. Chem., 19: 476-482.
Friedewald, W.T., R.I. Levy and D.S. Fredrickson, 1972. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem., 18: 499-502.
Badis, B., Z. Rachid and B. Esma, 2014. Levels of selected heavy metals in fresh meat from cattle, sheep, chicken and camel produced in Algeria. Annu. Res. Rev. Biol., 4: 1260-1267.
Thirulogachandar, A.M.E., M. Rajeswari and S. Ramya, 2014. Assessment of heavy metals in Gallus and their impact on human. Int. J. Scient. Res. Public., 4: 1-8.
Jinzhu, W., 2013. Lipid oxidation in differently aged beef: Use of static headspace gas chromatographic and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance methods (TBARS). Second Cycle, A2E. SLU, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Uppsala.
Okolie, N.P., M.O. Akioyamen, N. Okpoba and C. Okonkwo, 2009. Malondialdehyde levels of frozen fish, chicken and turkey on sale in Benin city markets. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 8: 6638-6640.
USDA., 2005. Safe food handling: Refrigeration and food safety. Fact Sheets of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
del Rio, D., A.J. Stewart and N. Pellegrini, 2005. A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis., 15: 316-328.
Sanz, M., A. Flores and C.J. Lopez-Bote, 2000. The metabolic use of energy from dietary fat in broilers is affected by fatty acid saturation. Br. Poult. Sci., 41: 61-68.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
